Nausea and vomiting

What are the causes of frequent nausea and vomiting?

Gastrointestinal inflammation is often responsible for cases of nausea and vomiting, and the most prominent causes of this inflammation are viruses and bacteria found in stinky and spoiled foods, in addition to other digestive causes that may cause nausea and vomiting, such as infections of the gallbladder and pancreas, chronic constipation or intestinal obstruction, and nausea may also arise Diarrhea is also caused by a high level of toxic substances in the blood, including alcohol or drugs, or by a high level of hormones produced by the body during pregnancy or extreme stress.

Some people suffer from nausea and vomiting as a result of high pressure inside the head due to the accumulation of fluid or the presence of tumors, and other causes of nausea are severe headaches or any defect in the inner ear or coughing.

In general, nausea and vomiting are not symptoms that predict a serious illness unless they are continuous or accompanied by pain. In these cases, it is recommended to visit a doctor to perform the necessary examinations and tests to avoid a deterioration of the health condition, God forbid.

As for cases of nausea caused by some viruses or bacteria from contaminated foods, it can be dealt with by taking some precautions that help the body to overcome the crisis, including:

• Refrain from eating and drinking for a few hours until the stomach calms down

• Avoid the smells of food and only uncooked food.

• When you start to feel better, drink some fluids in general and avoid caffeinated fluids.

• Gradually add easy-to-digest foods such as gelatin, biscuits, and dry toast. When you are able to tolerate these foods, start experimenting with fatty and light foods and spices such as cereals, rice, and fruits.

• Avoid dairy products, fatty and flavoring dishes, caffeine, aspirin or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Gallstones

I would like to know the reasons that lead to the formation of gallstones?

The gallbladder or the gallbladder is a pear-shaped sac with a length of 3 to 6 inches and a point in it between 1 and 2 inches wide. Bile is partly composed of water, salts, cholesterol and bilirubin. Bilirubin is a greenish-yellow substance secreted by the liver and gives bile its color. And if this substance returns to the blood, it leads to turning the color of the skin and eyes to yellow (jaundice). Bile also contains bile salts and the chemical lecithin, which together dissolve cholesterol and allow the liver to excrete it.

When you eat a meal that contains fat or protein, the gallbladder contracts and empties bile through small tubes called bile ducts that lead to the upper part of the small intestine (duodenum). Bile helps the small intestine digest and absorb fats and some vitamins. But when the chemical balance of this digestive juices is disturbed, it turns into solid particles, which may grow into pebbles the size of a grain of sand or larger than a golf ball. In fact, in 20% of cases, there is one gallstone in the gallbladder. As for the remaining percentage, there are many pebbles, and their number may reach hundreds, and they are sometimes called “sand”.

In fact, there are many factors that contribute to the formation of gallstones, many of which are not clearly understood yet. Among the known factors are:

Too much cholesterol. In normal conditions, bile contains enough bile salts and lecithin to dissolve the cholesterol that is being secreted. However, cholesterol does not dissolve easily. If it is dissolved, it becomes less than what can be dissolved in the bile. The excess turns into crystals that melt into one or more pebbles, in different shapes and sizes. Obesity and genetic predisposition contribute to this process.

Incomplete or irregular emptying of the gallbladder. The gallbladder may fail to contract and empty properly. This occurs during pregnancy and long fasting. The longer the bile remains in the gallbladder, the more water the gallbladder absorbs and the more concentrated the bile. The highly concentrated bile may become “muddy” and turn into fertile ground for gravel.